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Hello braintrust! I'm embarking on making teaching dance my primary income, and I am researching retirement funds.... What do you recommend for an independent contractor... IRA? Roth IRA? SIMPLE IRA? There are so many, I'm not sure which way to go!
Thanks in advance!
Thanks in advance!
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Tue, March 3, 2009 - 11:22 AMIndependent retirement plans are mostly based on age and income of the investor.
I would go with a SEP IRA (Single Employee Pension) for many reasons.
-You can deduct the amount of your contributions against your income to lower your taxes.
-You can contribute more money to a SEP then a regular (deductible) IRA
-You can change your contributions on a year to year basis.
-If you ever decide to go back to work you don't have to roll your SEP into your employers retirement plans
-SEP IRAs can be set up as late in the year as April
-No annual government reports
-A deductable of up to 5k in start up fees
-No taxes on earnings or invesments
-If you ever plan on hiring anyone to assist you the SEP IRA is a much easier process with regards to employees then a Solo 401(k) or a Keogh
A few things to note:
If you think your business will steadily grow then SEP is the way to invest. If you anticipate having about the same income year to year and not maxing out on contributions (20% for SEP, maxed out at 45k a year) then a regular IRA is probably the best choice as there is less paperwork involved. Also if you have a SEP IRA and a regular IRA the regular IRA may be only partially deductible.
If you are under 40 I recommend also investing in a Roth IRA to supplement because you pay your taxes up front. This is beneficial even though it can be a pain in the ass to fork over the money now, ideally there will be more money when you start to withdraw from the fund. Though not all withdrawals are free of tax penalty (most are if you are older then 591/2 and have been contributing for more then 5 years) transactions that occur inside the Roth are not a tax liability. Also there are fewer restrictions on withdrawals (which is a huge plus if you find yourself in dire need of quick cash.) Also tax rates now may be lower then tax rates at your anticipated year of retirement (or when you plan to start withdrawing from the fund) and by paying out now you will probably save money later on.
I would also read through the IRS page here
www.irs.gov/businesses/small/index.html
I'm not allowed to give specific advice to people, or I would drop you a message.
All the best!!
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Tue, March 3, 2009 - 3:03 PMI would open more than one account if you can. I like the roth IRA because it is funded with post-tax dollars. This does nothing for you now, except there are no fees to withdraw funds. Basically, you are payings taxes on the money now to avoid paying taxes when you withdraw the money later. You can also withdraw funds when you do something like buy a house. I have a 401(k) through my employer and I have a personal RothIRA. I would also look into an HSA (health savings account). Money saved in this account rolls over at the end of the year and can be used for medical expenditures in retirement. Wikipedia has a pretty good article on retirement accounts, as I recall.
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Wed, March 4, 2009 - 9:58 AMA big question you need to answer for yourself is this: are you willing to pay taxes on the money now, or do you want to postpone paying the taxes until the future when you are retired? The reason a lot of people choose to postpone the taxes is that (presumably) the income they make today is high enough to put them into a higher tax bracket than what they expect to be in when they retire. HOWEVER, I would suggest that a dancer think carefully about this - a dancer's income today is likely to be a lot lower than, say, a doctor or lawyer in private practice. In other words, the tax bracket you're in today may be the very same one you'll be in after you retire.
Why does this matter?
Well, if you put your money into an IRA, you lose a certain amount of control over it. For example, if you were to suffer a catastrophic financial event (such as a car accident that would prevent you from dancing for several months), you'd have to "take out a loan" from your IRA, pay interest on that loan, then pay it back in the future, etc. In contrast, with a non-IRA type of savings account you could just simply withdraw what you need, and that's that. No rules. Sure, you'd still need to restock the account if you want the money to be there in the future, but you'd have more control over when/how to do that.
In today's economic crisis, I believe that all money put aside in IRA's and 401k plans is at risk of the government imposing even more governmental control over it. Because that money was set aside under a special program in which the government offered certain concessions (tax breaks), the government feels a certain entitlement to control what you do with it. There have been hearings before Congress in which proposals were put forward for the government to seize these accounts and manage them for us. The rationale was that people invested their money badly in these accounts, and these accounts have lost a lot of their value as a result, and surely the government can care for our money better than we can. Now, just because someone proposed this doesn't mean it will come to pass, but it makes you think. Even if the proposal I just described is discarded, the seed of an idea has been planted - the idea that the government feels it has the right to interfere with that money we have set aside for our future.
Although I participate in a 401k plan in my corporate day job, I invest ONLY the maximum that my employer will match. The tax laws would allow me to put additional tax-deferred money into my plan beyond what my employer matches, but I choose to not do that. The reason is that I want control over decision-making on that money. I want control over where it is invested, and I want control over the decision of when to withdraw and use it. I'd rather pay taxes on it today and "own" that money free and clear of any government claims. The way I see it, if I find myself in a situation where I need that money, I'll have enough stress in my life without the added stress of fighting government rules to get access to it.
Financial institutions will allow you to open savings/brokerage accounts that allow you to participate in the same investment options as IRA accounts, but without the government rules. This is what I've done with my non-401k savings.
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Wed, March 4, 2009 - 10:00 AMOne more thought...
I recommend spreading your savings across accounts in multiple financial institutions. A lot of banks are tottering on the brink of insolvency right now, and you don't want to have all your eggs in one financial basket. -
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Wed, March 4, 2009 - 10:24 AMThe only thing with keeping your money in a regular savings account is inflation risk, even the "high" interest rate savings accounts like ING Direct (bankrate.com is a good source). Regular savings accounts don't accrue interest as quickly as retirement type accounts do (theoretically) so the purchasing power of your money decreases as inflation rises in the future. $10 saved today may only be worth $5 or $6 when you go to use in the future. Even CD's don't keep up with inflation, but they generally have higher interest rates than savings accounts and you can ladder them over time.
I agree with Shira about the multiple accounts. Never have all of your eggs in one basket like some of the Enron employees did. Their entire 401k accounts were invested in Enron stock, and some lost it all when the company went belly up. I think 401k regs were changed shortly thereafter to require more diversification. I have 401k through my employer up to the company match. I also have a RothIRA and my husband has a regular IRA(SEP) . We also have an emergency fund in a high interest savings account and a larger miscellaneous savings account. All of these are with different banks, so hopefully they won't all tank.
I suppose the last thing would be to buy some gold and hide it under the mattress for when all the financial instituitions meltdown :) -
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Wed, March 4, 2009 - 12:50 PMI agree with you that normal savings accounts have low interest rates, even those that are supposedly money market accounts.
I was thinking more in terms of independently managing one's own savings outside of an IRA structure. Most financial institutions that offer IRA accounts also offer non-IRA options.
But instead of parking one's money in a traditional bank savings accounts, there are other ways to make it grow. It requires more attention to what your savings are doing, but honestly people should be paying attention to their retirement savings regardless of whether they are in the form of IRA's or other investments.
One option is to put your money into a brokerage firm's account. I like discount brokerage firms such as Charles Schwab or Fidelity, though I advise doing homework to ensure you've chosen one that's in solid financial condition. These companies let you park your money in a money market savings account while you're researching your investment options, and then they make it easy to move your money into whatever investment options you want when you're ready. Ie, it's easy to buy mutual funds, gold/silver, stocks, or whatever you think will get you a good return. But even here, I recommend keeping multiple accounts with different institutions as a guard against today's unstable economy.
I second your recommendation of bankrate.com. My husband and I used it to evaluate the financial stability of the banks in which we had our primary checking and savings accounts. We actually pulled our money out of one bank when its ratings on this site took a turn for the worse. Here's their bank stability ratings page: bankrate.com/brm/safesound/ss_home.asp . The thing is, you need to keep going back and re-evaluating your bank every 3-4 months, because things can change. A bank that looks good today might not be so good in 6 months.
Here's another site for evaluating bank stability: www.thestreet.com/tsc/ratin...eener.html -
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Wed, March 4, 2009 - 1:04 PMExactly (re: independently managing one's funds). One of my coworkers uses www.vanguard.com for some of his investments. Personally, I like the morningstar ratings because I can actually understand some on what they talk about, as an investment guide. Although someone once said to me "just the fact that you are saving for retirement puts you ahead of the game." I save on the assumption that there won't be any social security when I retire (40 years from now at the earliest, I'm 27).
Looks like we have a lot of the same thoughts, Shira. -
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Wed, March 4, 2009 - 1:28 PMI think managing one's own funds is a fine proposition if the investor in questions has the knowledge base and time to spend on this type of endeavor. Many people don't have the resources or know-how to independently invest and many times the idea of doing so can send someone running back to a regular saving account rather then putting their money in a higher yield investment.
I do agree that researching the investment house you put your money into is key.
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Thu, March 5, 2009 - 5:23 AMYou may also want to check out Donna Whitley's book "Roadmap to Riches on $12.50 per week: First Steps to Financial Freedom". She is a belly dancer who wrote a book on financial success and security. The book does a great job of putting financial matters into layman's terms.
Here is the link:
www.donnawhitley.com/money.html
Joyfully,
Chandani
www.chandani.net -
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Sat, July 25, 2009 - 6:08 PMSuze Ormon
"The money book for the young, fabulous, and broke"
REALLY really really helpful. -
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Mon, July 27, 2009 - 7:34 AMI have issues with her. Most of her advice is sound, but it isn't good for the independent investor. She has made herself a great deal of money pandering to a certain set that often goes overlooked by financial gurus, but her broad generalizations tend not to be the stuff retirement plans are made of. -
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This is the maximum depth. Additional responses will not be threaded.
Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Tue, July 28, 2009 - 1:44 PMNot to mention that I've never heard more insults and sweeping negative generalizations ABOUT women from a woman. -
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Tue, July 28, 2009 - 1:50 PMI really like the Get Rich Slowly personal finance blog. There are a lot of articles about investing, different types of investing, how to pick an investor when you know you are out of your depth, etc. There are also forums for discussion.
www.getrichslowly.org/blog/
There is always the library too, even our teeny tiny little library has a personal finance section with about 100 books in it. I highly recommend 'Your money or your life.'
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Tue, July 28, 2009 - 1:56 PMI think the point about managing one's own funds is more along the thought that no one has more invested in your money than you do and you don't do yourself any favors by not understanding at least the basics of investment options. Not that everyone should run out and start watching the markets, investing and trading on their own.
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Re: Retirement plans for independent professionals?
Sun, August 2, 2009 - 8:24 AMWow... thanks everyone for the help and advice! I'm still trying to figure it out, and my former day-job retirement fund is just sitting there in a low-risk account (hardly lost money during the crash, thank goodness).